Forms of Cement and their application in Construction

There are numerous kinds of cement applied in concrete construction. Each kind of cement has its properties, uses, as well as advantages based on composition materials used throughout its manufacture.

13 Kinds of Cement and their Uses

1. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC)

It is the most widely used kind of cement, which is appropriate for all general concrete construction. It is the most regularly produced and used sort of cement around the world, through annual global production of about 3.8 million cubic meters per year.  It is relevant for all types of concrete construction.

2. Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC)

It is prepared by grinding pozzolanic clinker through Portland cement. It is also made by adding pozzolana with the accumulation of gypsum or calcium sulfate or by closely and uniformly blending Portland cement along with fine pozzolana.

It is used in marine constructions, sewage works, sewage works, as well as for laying concrete underwater, for example bridges, piers, dams, in addition to mass concrete works, etc.

3. Rapid Hardening Cement

It attains high strength in the initial days; it is applied in concrete where formworks are detached at an initial stage and are like to ordinary portland cement (OPC).

Rapid hardening cement is applied in assembled concrete construction, road works, etc.

4. Quick setting cement

The main difference between the quick setting cement as well as rapid hardening cement is that quick-setting cement sets previously. At the same time, the degree of gain of strength is alike to Ordinary Portland Cement, whereas quick hardening cement gains strength rapidly. Quick setting cement is applied where works is to be finished in very short period as well as for concreting in static or running water.

5. Low Heat Cement

It is produced by preserving the percentage of tricalcium aluminate below 6% by swelling the proportion of C2S. A small amount of tricalcium aluminate sorts the concrete to produce low heat of hydration. This cement fit for mass concrete construction similar to gravity dams, as the low heat of hydration, stops the cracking of concrete because of heat.

6. Sulfates Resisting Cement

This cement is used to decrease the risk of sulfate attack on concrete and hence is used in the building of foundations where the soil has great sulfate content.

The cement is mostly used in construction open to firm sulfate action by water as well as soil in places like to canals linings, retaining walls, culverts, siphons, etc.

7. Blast Furnace Slag Cement

The cement is obtained by grinding the clinkers through about 60% slag and look like more or less in properties of Portland cement. It can be employed for works where economic considerations are leading.

8. High Alumina Cement

The cement is obtained by melting a combination of bauxite and lime and grinding thru the clinker. It is quick hardening cement with initial as well as final setting time of about 3.5 and 5 hours, correspondingly.

9. White Cement

 It is costlier and is utilized for architectural purposes for example precast curtain wall as well as facing panels, terrazzo surface, etc. and for internal and external decorative work similar to external renderings of buildings, floorings, ornamental concrete products, facing slabs, swimming pools, paths of gardens, etc.

10. Colour cement:

It is produced by mingling 5- 10% mineral pigments through ordinary cement. They are extensively used for decorative works on floors.

11. Air Entraining Cement

This type of cement is particularly suited to recover the workability through a smaller water-cement ratio and to advance frost resistance of concrete.

12. Expansive Cement

This cement expands marginally with time and does not shrink during as well as after the time of toughening. This cement is primarily used for grouting anchor bolts as well as pre-stressed concrete ducts.

13. Hydrographic cement

This cement is generally used for the construction of water structures for example dams, spillways, water retaining structures, water tanks, etc.

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